Matthew Baugh
A Conscientious Objector in the Culture Wars


What's the Difference?
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What is the difference between a person of deep faith and a fanatic?

The two things are often used almost interchangeably which, to my mind, is very strange. I see them as virtually totally opposites.

A fanatic is someone who is absolutely certain that his beliefs are right. The fanatic holds fast to a well-established and iron-clad set of doctrines and will neither question them, not tolerate anyone else questioning them.

A person of faith is aware of the limitations of human knowledge and wisdom. No human being can ever be absolutely certain of his or her own limitations, both of knowledge and of wisdom. This person trusts in God in the absence of human knowledge.

There are some implications of this:

The fanatic's attitude toward people who hold different beliefs is fear and hostility. When you need to be absolutely certain, different ideas are dangerous.

The person of faith treats people who hold different beliefs with tolerance and respect. You may not agree with new ideas, but you'll give them a fair hearing.

The fanatic is terrified of questions. When your world depends on absolute certainty, questions are seen as evil.

The person of faith welcomes questions. When you trust in God you're not afraid to honestly and intelligently try to expand your understanding of the world.

The fanatic has a defensive mindset. Everyone and everything that fails to share the fanatic's world-view is seen as an attacker.

A person of faith has a welcoming mindset. Other people are seen as neighbors, potential friends, or fellow children of God.

The fanatic can become violent, and will claim some form of self-defense from real or imagined threats.

The person of faith can only be moved to violence by extreme provocation, and sometimes not even then.

The fanatic sees his or her moral code as a set of rules which must be followed strictly. There are rewards for following these well, and punishments for failing to follow them.

The person of faith sees his or her moral code as a set of guidelines to help live in a way that fosters justice, compassion, truth, etc. Keeping them with integrity fosters a deep sense of integrity, and a connection with God. Breaking those harms damages your integrity and damaged your relationships with God and others.

The fanatic is capable of distorting his or her own moral code through rationalizations. In the name of the cause, things that are normally unacceptable like killing, lying, theft, etc. are easily justified in the name of the greater good.

The person of faith holds true to his or her moral code when it would be more expedient to let it go. He or she struggled to be faithful and good even at the cost of great personal sacrifice.

The fanatic hopes for glory and reward.

The person of faith hopes to be of service to others.

The fanatic is driven by fear and hate.

The person of faith is motivated by love of others and is at peace with the world.

I'm generalizing, of course. We probably all have a little of both of these extremes in us. But, looking at the extremes, I suspect you can see the distinction I'm making.

I hope there can be more faith and less fanaticism in the world.


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